by max.fruehwirt -

08 | Designing realities beyond screens – World building and immersive level design in VR, AR and MR

What this blogpost is all about

To better understand, how to design immersive and engaging experiences in VR, AR and MR, and building on the previous post about issues and how to solve them, it is necessary to understand the importance of world building and level design on the overall experience. As such, this blog-post aims to provide a short overview on different considerations to be aware of, when dealing with the challenge of creating an immersive experience for VR, AR and MR. Same as with my previous post, however, I would like to dive even deeper into immersive world building and continue my research, so this entry is only a momentary summary and my research into this topic – especially since I plan to eventually read all of Richard A. Bartle’s „Designing Virtual Worlds“ – is still incomplete.

How to create engaging, immersive worlds using level design

Understanding the importance of space and spatial awareness

When designing VR and AR environments, it is crucial to remember that, different from other virtual experiences in front of a monitor or screen, such as games, videos or the like, in VR and AR the user moves his own body and his virtual avatar through the real and the virtual world. This may seem like an obvious and maybe not so important difference at first, but it has some implications, as the user’s physical space and interactions within it need to also be considered when designing. Furthermore, the user’s real life comfort zone, field of view as well as the virtual viewable distance need to be considered as well to understand how to engage with the space.

Using realism, stylisation and interactivity to boost immersion

Utilising the capabilities of modern graphics cards as well as making use of optimisation and / or stylisation options when designing virtual environments for VR and MR, it becomes possible to create both realistic and semi-realistic experiences, that still keep the user immersed. No matter the style, however, maximal attention should be given to light, sound and eventual haptic or other tactile feedbacks, as only a wholistic experience allows the user to perceive the created environment as real and thus allow for maximum immersion. In this regard, it is also important to be aware of how the user interacts and influences the created world. Integrating easy, intuitive and natural-feeling interactions, that take advantage of all the capabilities of VR and AR input devices, such as controller movement and position tracking, gesture tracking or even full-on inside-out tracking can influence how the user interacts with the virtual world.

Design intuitive spaces and provide clear clues

Understanding the perception of different spaces and how it may influence the user, be it in an AR environment, in MR or even completely virtual in VR, is important, as all these environments, compared to our usual computer screen, are perceived as 3-dimensional and thus need to be approached accordingly. By providing clear cues for navigating the virtual space, it becomes easy and safe to explore. To counter the limitations of a user’s real, phyiscal environment vs. its virtual counterpart, a wide variety of movement methods can be explored, such as teleportation, locomation or even simple walking, should the space allow it. This allows for a different approach to space than usual, as it further opens the environment up for exploration.

It is, however, important to always be aware and understand the limitations of such an experience, both in hardware – e.g., tracking and sensing capabilities and physical boundaries – and in the user’s own perception – e.g., how much they can handle without being overwhelmed by the stimuli and cues. A good example of such an overwhelming experience, that is sure to cause fatigue in the long term, is the short-film „Hyper-Reality“ by Keiichi Matsuda.

Hyper-Reality by Keiichi Matsuda

Be aware of storytelling and how it is affected by 3D

Last but not least, after exploration of both the virtual and the physical space, depending on whether the created experience has been in AR, VR or MR, has been opened to the user, it is paramount to understand, how storytelling may be affected by the 3D environment. A good approach to this would be to learn from the gaming industry, as it has created explorable semi 3D and 3D environments for a long time now. Of course, with AR, VR and MR, these spaces – these levels – get extended even further, with more feedback being added, more information being perceived, and more interactions being possible, so careful consideration should be given on which tools may be applicable and which may be unsuited.

The end goal, in any case, should be to consider innovative ways to tell a story, that seamlessly incorporates its narrative elements within the created user-experience. To make sure that the experience remains as complete as possible while offering free exploration remains the challenge when creating such a virtual space.

Next steps:

  • Look into interfaces unique to VR, AR and MR
  • Check how interaction with VR, AR and MR may work
  • Research how to boost engagement and create intuitive interactions
  • Research into immersion and storytelling

Sources:

1. Bartle, R.A.: Designing Virtual Worlds, New Rider, 2003, ISBN: 978-0-1310-18167.
2. Matsuda, K.: Hyper-Reality, online in: http://hyper-reality.co/ [08.02.2024].
3. n.a.: VR Design Principles, online in: https://viro-community.readme.io/docs/vr-design-principles [08.02.2024].

by hanna.weichsler -

Was bisher geschah

In diesem Blog möchte ich meine bisherigen Beiträge zusammenfassen, um mich auf die bevorstehende Präsentation vorzubereiten.

In meinem ersten Blogeintrag ging es um eine Stop-Motion-Produktion. Guillermo del Toro, Autor, Regisseur und Produzent der neuen Stop-Motion-Verfilmung von Pinocchio, zeigt eine besondere Faszination für die Kunstform Stop-Motion. Zum Einsatz kamen mechanisch bewegliche Puppen. Die Gesichtszüge waren teilweise austauschbar. Das Making-of zum Film zeigt einen wirklich sehenswerten Einblick in die Welt der Stop-Motion.

Nach diesem Zwischenstopp ging meine Reise in eine andere Richtung. Von nun an beschäftigte ich mich mit Dokumentarfilmen und der Frage, wie wichtig Storytelling ist. Naturdokumentationen nutzen raffinierte Tricks wie Sounddesign und Storytelling, um die Aufmerksamkeit des Publikums zu fesseln. Teleobjektive ermöglichen Aufnahmen aus größerer Entfernung, sodass in der Postproduktion zusätzliche Geräusche hinzugefügt werden müssen, um Naturereignisse zu unterstreichen. Das Storytelling spielt eine zentrale Rolle, da es aus langen Aufnahmen eine zusammenhängende Geschichte macht.

Dokumentarfilme bewegen sich zwischen Journalismus und Kunst. Die Auswahl und Anordnung von Informationen durch die Filmemacher*innen schafft eine künstlerische Gesamterzählung. Der österreichische Regisseur Michael Glawogger thematisiert in seinen Werken die globalen Auswirkungen von Modernisierung und Globalisierung. Seine Filme, darunter „Megacities“ und „Workingman’s Death“, verwischen die Grenzen zwischen Fiktion und Realität.

Die Netflix-Dokumentationsreihe „Our Planet“ gibt Einblick in die aufwändige Produktion, die neben technischem Know-how vor allem Geduld erfordert. Die Dokumentation, die verschiedene Tierarten in ihren natürlichen Lebensräumen zeigt, soll nicht nur unterhalten, sondern auch ein Zeichen für den Naturschutz setzen.

Neben Dokumentarfilmen bin ich auch auf Parodien von Dokumentarfilmen gestoßen. Mockumentarys sind fiktionale Filme oder Serien, die bestehende dokumentarische Formate parodieren. Ein Beispiel ist „Modern Family“, die auf humorvolle Weise das Leben einer amerikanischen Durchschnittsfamilie darstellt. Diese parodistische Form spielt mit inszenierten Zeitzeugeninterviews, widersprüchlichen Fakten und schlechter Bildqualität.

„Megacities“, ein Dokumentarfilm von Michael Glawogger, zeigt die faszinierenden und zugleich grausamen Facetten von Megastädten wie Bombay, New York, Mexico City und Moskau. Inspiriert wurde die Filmauswahl durch die Empfehlung von Roman Pürcher und einen beeindruckenden Trailer, der die einzigartige Erzählweise und visuelle Gestaltung des Films hervorhob. Der Film „Megacities“ fesselt durch die Darstellung des Alltags, der Träume und Hoffnungen der Menschen in Megastädten.

Ich bin gespannt, wohin mich meine Reise noch führen wird!

by lea.haas -

#10 Make enemies not friends

The reaction to feminism in film and discussions of heavy topics in cinema can vary widely, and it’s essential to recognize that people’s responses are shaped by diverse perspectives, experiences, and beliefs. Here are some reasons why some individuals may be triggered or have strong reactions:

  1. Resistance to Change: Some people may resist feminist perspectives or heavy topics in film because it challenges traditional or long-held beliefs. Changes in societal norms can be met with discomfort or resistance by those who are accustomed to the status quo.
  2. Fear of Loss of Representation: Individuals who feel threatened by increased representation of women or marginalized groups may perceive it as a loss of their own representation or influence. This fear can lead to defensive reactions.
  3. Stereotypes and Misconceptions: Misunderstandings about feminism or heavy topics may contribute to negative reactions. Stereotypes and misconceptions about these subjects can lead to misinterpretations and resistance.
  4. Political or Ideological Differences: Some people may view feminism or discussions of heavy topics through a political or ideological lens. If these topics align with a particular political stance that someone opposes, it can trigger strong reactions.
  5. Personal Experiences: Individuals‘ personal experiences can shape their reactions to certain themes. If someone has had negative experiences related to feminism or the heavy topics being discussed, it may influence their perception.
  6. Fear of Uncomfortable Emotions: Films addressing heavy topics often evoke strong emotions, including sadness, anger, or discomfort. Some individuals may actively avoid these emotions, leading them to reject films that delve into challenging subjects.
  7. Misinformation or Lack of Exposure: Lack of exposure to diverse perspectives or misinformation about feminist ideas can contribute to negative reactions. Exposure to well-rounded and accurate information can help foster a more informed understanding.
  8. Cultural or Religious Beliefs: Cultural or religious beliefs can play a significant role in shaping individuals‘ attitudes toward certain themes in film. Some may find that feminist ideas or heavy topics conflict with their cultural or religious values.

It’s crucial to engage in open and respectful dialogue about these topics to promote understanding and bridge gaps in perception. Film, as a powerful medium, has the potential to foster empathy, encourage conversations, and challenge societal norms, but it can also be met with resistance due to the deeply ingrained nature of cultural and personal beliefs.

Stepping out of our comfort zones and addressing topics like feminism and heavy social issues in film can be a powerful way to bring about positive change. It’s important for filmmakers, storytellers, and audiences alike to embrace the potential for positive change that comes with addressing these issues in film. By actively participating in the conversation and supporting diverse and inclusive storytelling, we contribute to a cultural landscape that reflects the richness and complexity of the human experience.

by lea.haas -

#09 Shifting Gazes

By approaching film with an open mind, you can enrich your cinematic experience and gain a deeper appreciation for the diversity of storytelling within the medium. Shifting your gaze and approaching film in a more open way involves adopting a mindset that embraces diverse perspectives, genres, and styles.

Explore films outside your comfort zone, including genres or cultures you are less familiar with. Consider international films to gain insights into different storytelling traditions. Independent and art house films often provide unique and unconventional narratives, showcasing a different side of cinema. Attending film festivals exposes you to a variety of cinematic experiences, including independent and international works that may not have had mainstream success.

Reading diverse film reviews can provide insights from different perspectives. Understanding the filmmaker’s intentions and the context in which a film was made enhances appreciation for the artistry and storytelling. Engaging in film discussions, whether in clubs, online forums, or discussion groups, allows you to share thoughts and hear different perspectives, opening your mind to new interpretations.

Embrace experimental and non-linear storytelling, as some films break away from traditional narrative conventions. Learning about film history provides context for how different styles and techniques have evolved, contributing to a deeper understanding of cinema’s evolution. Supporting diverse filmmakers by seeking out and endorsing films from underrepresented creators contributes to a more inclusive and varied film landscape.

Approach film with openness to reevaluation. A film that didn’t resonate initially may take on new meaning upon rewatching or with a fresh perspective. By adopting this open-minded approach, you can enrich your cinematic experience and gain a deeper appreciation for the diversity of storytelling within the medium.

Cultivate an awareness of the socio-cultural context in which films are produced. Recognize that films are not created in a vacuum and often reflect or respond to the societal, political, and cultural issues of their time. This perspective can add layers of meaning to the stories being told.

by lea.haas -

#07 How to find your own voice as a director

Greta Gerwig and her story

Greta Gerwig has developed a unique style throughout her career as an actress, screenwriter, and director. How did she develope her distinctive style:

  1. Mumblecore Movement: Gerwig began her career in the Mumblecore movement, a film genre characterized by improvised dialogue, natural acting, and low production budgets. This experience influenced her early style and helped her develop an affinity for authentic, realistic storytelling.
  2. Collaboration with Noah Baumbach: Working with director Noah Baumbach, especially on films like „Frances Ha“ and „Mistress America,“ played a crucial role in shaping Gerwig’s style. Baumbach’s influence, combined with Gerwig’s own experiences and perspectives, helped form a unique narrative tone.
  3. Self-reflection and Experience: Greta Gerwig has evolved as a versatile artist. She started as an actress, later transitioned to writing scripts, and eventually took on directing. This versatility allowed her to gain a deep understanding of all aspects of film production and refine her own approach.
  4. Interest in Human Relationships: Many of her films revolve around complex human relationships and everyday life. Gerwig has a knack for exploring the depth of human emotions and depicting them in an authentic and often humorous manner.
  5. Feminist Perspective: Gerwig has become a prominent voice for women in film. She brings a feminist perspective to her works, often putting strong female characters at the forefront and challenging stereotypical portrayals.
  6. Humor and Lightness: A characteristic feature of Gerwig’s style is her sense of humor and lightness. Even in serious themes, she often incorporates humorous elements that make her works accessible and engaging.
  7. Visual Aesthetics: Gerwig has also developed a distinctive visual aesthetic, characterized by her camera work and direction. The way she composes images and stages scenes contributes to her unique visual style.

It’s important to note that an artist’s style is often the result of continuous development, influenced by personal experiences, collaborations, and a constant pursuit of creative expression. Greta Gerwig’s style is the product of her artistic journey and her ability to tell authentic stories with a unique creative fingerprint.

Finding your own voice as a director is a personal and evolving journey. Remember, finding your own way as a director is a continuous process of exploration and self-discovery. Be patient, stay passionate about your craft, and allow your unique voice to emerge organically 🙂 Here are some tips and approaches how one can find their voice as a director:

  1. Self-Reflection:
    • Consider your personal experiences, beliefs, and interests. What stories resonate with you on a deep level? Your own background and perspectives can be a source of inspiration for your storytelling.
  2. Education and Study:
    • Study the work of various directors and filmmakers across different genres. Analyze films critically, paying attention to their storytelling techniques, visual styles, and thematic elements. Learn from both classic and contemporary cinema.
  3. Experimentation:
    • Take the time to experiment with different filmmaking techniques. This could involve creating short films, working on small projects, or even just practicing specific aspects of filmmaking such as framing, editing, or sound design.
  4. Collaboration:
    • Collaborate with other filmmakers, writers, and artists. Exposure to different perspectives and working styles can help you refine your own approach. Learn from your collaborators and be open to new ideas.
  5. Seek Feedback:
    • Share your work with others and seek constructive feedback. This can come from peers, mentors, or even online communities. Constructive criticism can provide valuable insights and help you see your work from different perspectives.
  6. Identify Themes and Motifs:
    • Notice recurring themes, motifs, or elements in your work. These might be subconscious expressions of your artistic identity. Understanding these patterns can help you shape and refine your unique style.
  7. Develop a Signature:
    • Consider what sets your storytelling apart. It could be a particular visual style, a recurring theme, or a distinctive approach to character development. Developing a signature element can make your work recognizable.
  8. Stay Authentic:
    • While it’s natural to be inspired by others, avoid imitating them outright. Stay true to your own vision and perspective. Authenticity is key to developing a genuine directorial style.
  9. Learn from Mistakes:
    • Embrace failure as part of the learning process. Analyze what works and what doesn’t in your projects. Each mistake is an opportunity to refine your skills and understand your creative instincts better.
  10. Stay Open to Evolution:
    • Your directorial style is likely to evolve over time. Be open to new influences, experiences, and learning opportunities. Embrace growth and adapt your style as you continue to develop as a filmmaker.

by lea.haas -

#06 Poor Things

Like I wrote in my previous blog posts cinema mirrors societal norms and especially the portrayal of women has been a subject of interest. One cinematic piece that bravely delves into the complexities of female emotions, particularly female rage, is „Poor Things“. I went into this film with zero expectations but was left speechless after I saw it. This film not only highlights the raw intensity of women’s emotions but also serves as a canvas for the exploration of the female gaze, providing a refreshing perspective on storytelling.

The Unapologetic Rage of Women

„Poor Things“ invites viewers to witness the unapologetic rage of its female protagonist, mirroring the suppressed emotions that women have carried for centuries. Directed by Yorgos Lanthimos, the film breaks away from conventional narratives and embraces the power of feminine fury, challenging stereotypes and demanding a reevaluation of societal expectations.

The central character embodies the frustration and anger that women often suppress in the face of adversity. Her journey becomes a poignant exploration of the multifaceted nature of female rage, from quiet rebellion to explosive outbursts. The film encourages audiences to empathize with the struggles women face, shedding light on the resilience required to navigate a world that often dismisses or silences their voices.

A Cinematic Ode to the Female Gaze

„Poor Things“ not only addresses female rage but also offers a unique perspective through the lens of the female gaze. Traditionally, cinema has been dominated by the male gaze, shaping narratives from a male perspective. However, this film challenges the status quo, providing a narrative that is not only driven by a female protagonist but is also seen through her eyes.

The female gaze in „Poor Things“ is characterized by a nuanced portrayal of relationships, desires, and societal expectations. It subverts the traditional norms of objectification and instead focuses on the empowerment and agency of the female characters. Through this lens, the film invites viewers to reevaluate their own perspectives and question ingrained biases in the portrayal of women on screen.

Breaking Stereotypes and Redefining Narratives

„Poor Things“ becomes a catalyst for change in the cinematic landscape, contributing to the ongoing conversation about the representation of women in film. By embracing female rage and the female gaze, the film challenges stereotypes and offers a more authentic portrayal of women’s experiences.

As we continue to dissect and discuss the impact of cinema on societal perceptions, „Poor Things“ stands as a testament to the power of storytelling in reshaping narratives. It encourages a more inclusive and diverse representation of women, paving the way for future films to explore the depth and complexity of the female experience.

In conclusion, „Poor Things“ is not just a film; it’s a statement. A bold declaration that demands attention to the unspoken, the overlooked, and the rage that simmers beneath the surface. It’s a call for a cinematic revolution where the female gaze takes center stage, breaking free from the confines of stereotypes and offering a truer reflection of the diverse stories that women have to tell.

by anna-katharina.hammerer -

Die Figur im Storytelling

Sei es in der Unterhaltungsbranche oder in der Vermarktung, Storytelling ist unabdinglich. Deshalb fokussiert sich dieser Blogbeitrag auf Storytelling oder im Spezielleren auf die Figur innerhalb des Storytellings, da sie neben dem Plot ein wichtiges Standbein des Storytellings ist. Als Literaturquelle wurde Story – Die Prinzipen des Drehbuchschreibens von Robert McKee herangezogen. Zwar stützt sich McKee bei seiner Beschreibung auf Drehbücher von Filmen, trotzdem kann man auch für andere Bereiche des Storytellings Rückschlüsse ziehen.

Charakter ≠ Charakterisierung

Der wahre Charakter offenbart sich in den Entscheidungen, die ein Mensch unter Druck trifft – je größer der Druck, desto tiefgreifender ist die Enthüllung, desto mehr entspricht die Entscheidung dem innersten Wesen der Figur.

McKee 2019, S.117

Der Charakter einer Figur ist nicht dasselbe wie die Charakterisierung einer Figur. Die Charakterisierung schließt alle Eigenschaften, Werte, äußere Attribute und Verhaltensmuster einer Figur mit ein (vgl. McKee 2019, S.116).

Wie bereits das vorangestellte Zitat von Robert McKee beschreibt, kann der Charakter einer Figur durch die Entscheidungen, welche unter Druck gefallen sind, ersichtlich werden. Würde sich beispielsweise eine Figur in einer lebensbedrohlichen Situation für die Wahrheit entscheiden, obwohl eine Lüge ihr aus der Lage helfen würde, zeigt dies das der Charakter dieser Figur sehr viel Wert auf Ehrlichkeit setzt. Den Druck braucht es bei der Definition von Charakter, da ohne ihn Entscheidungen zu Oberflächlichkeiten werden (vgl. McKee 2019, S.117ff).

Enthüllung der Illusion

Die maßgebliche Bedeutung einer guten Erzählung ist die Enthüllung des wahren Charakters oder der Widerspruch zur Charakterisierung. Zuseher:innen möchten nicht, dass zum Beispiel das Auftreten eines liebevollen Ehemanns am Ende genauso scheint wie es am Anfang etabliert worden ist. Denn wenn der wahre Charakter und die Charakterisierung einer Figur genau gleich sind, wird die äußere und innere Erscheinung der Figur festgefroren und die Rolle eine reine Wiederholung von vorhersehbaren Verhaltensweisen. Die Figur wird eindimensional und uninteressant (vgl. McKee 2019, S. 119).

Figurbogen

Das beste Schreiben enthüllt nicht nur den wahren Charakter der Figur, sondern treibt ihre innere Natur im Laufe der Erzählung auf die Spitze oder verändert ihr innerstes Wesen zum Besseren oder Schlechteren.

McKee 2019, S.120

Wie das Zitat bereits vorweg nimmt, wird beim Schreiben einer Figur ein Bogen gespannt, welcher eine bestimmte Entwicklung (positiv/negativ) abbildet. Dieser Entwicklungsablauf kann man in 5 Teile gliedern:

  1. Die Handlung charakterisiert den oder die Protagonist:in
  2. Bekanntmachung mit dem Innersten der Figur
  3. Dieser Tiefencharakter ist nicht deckungsgleich mit der äußeren Erscheinung/Haltung der Figur. Sie steht im Gegensatz bzw. im Widerspruch zum Tiefencharakter.
  4. Die Handlung übt, nach Offenlegung des inneren Wesens der Figur, immer mehr Druck auf sie aus, damit sie immer schwierigere Entscheidungen treffen muss.
  5. Alle getroffenen Entscheidungen der Figur haben sie bis zum Höhepunkt tiefgreifend verändert (vgl. McKee 2019, S.121f).

Die Wechselwirkung Struktur und Figur

Um die wahre Natur einer Figur rauszukitzeln, benötigt es wie bereits erwähnt Druck. Dieser Druck wird im Storytelling von der Struktur des Plots erzeugt. Die Figur bringt ihre Charakterisierungseigenschaften mit. Verknüpft werden diese zwei Elemente durch das Handeln der Figur. Damit eine Figur als authentisch anerkannt wird müssen die gewählten Handlungen der Figur ihren Eigenschaften entsprechen. Es ist auch wichtig darauf zu achten, dass durch jede getroffene Entscheidung der Figur, verändert sie sich und kann daher im Verlauf der Geschichte anders handeln (vgl. McKee 2019, S.122f).

Wie facettenreich Figuren sind, muss dem Genre angepasst werden. Normalerweise sind Figuren im Action- / Abenteuerfilme Bereich eher einfach gestaltet, damit sie nicht allzu sehr von den Stunts ablenken können. Geschichten, welche persönlichen oder inneren Konflikt beinhalten, benötigen komplexe/tiefgründige Figuren (vgl. McKee 2019, S.124).

Die Handlung ist, wie Aristoteles festhielt, wichtiger als die Charakterisierung, aber Story-Struktur und wahrer Charakter der Figur sind ein und dasselbe Phänomen, unter zwei verschiedenen Blickwinkeln betrachtet. Die Entscheidungen, die Figuren hinter ihren äußeren Masken treffen, machen ihr inneres Wesen aus und treiben gleichzeitig die Story voran.

McKee 2019, S.127

Fazit

Diese Bestandsaufnahme der Figur im Storytelling kratzt gerade einmal die Oberfläche eines weitläufigen Feldes. Man könnte noch auf Subthemen, wie Klischees und Rollenbilder oder mögliche Figuren-Kategorien eingehen. Trotzdem zeigt dieser Beitrag die fundamentalen Attribute auf, welche bei der Entwicklung von Figuren wichtig ist. Außerdem können diese Prinzipien nicht nur auf menschliche Figuren angewendet werden, sondern auf alle möglichen Protagonisten einer Handlung wie beispielsweise einem Wort oder einem einzelnen Buchstaben.

Literaturverzeichnis

McKee, Robert: Story – Die Prinzipien des Drehbuchschreibens. Berlin: Alexander Verlag Berlin, 12. Auflage, 2019.

by lamija.kocan -

“Intergenerational Digital Storytelling” | 06

Addressing the challenges in implementing the genealogy app for intergenerational storytelling (from last blog post entry) requires detailed *possible* solutions across various domains:

1. Technological Compatibility:

  • Responsive Design: Develop a responsive design framework ensuring the app adapts seamlessly to different screen sizes and resolutions. Use scalable vector graphics (SVG) and fluid layouts for adaptability.
  • Cross-Platform Frameworks: In ideal conditions the ideal solution would be to have separate app for IOS and Android as well as for Windows, Mac and Linux (that would be made with native application frameworks). Compromise would be to consider using cross-platform development frameworks like React Native, Flutter or Electron to build the app, enabling faster deployment across multiple operating systems (compromises would be made in cases of lack of resources, time and developers).

2. Usability for Diverse Age Groups:

  • User-Centric Design: Conduct extensive user research, interviews, and usability testing involving diverse age groups. Tailor the interface based on observed behaviors, preferences, and needs, prioritizing simplicity and clarity in design.
  • Accessibility Features: Implement accessibility features compliant with WCAG guidelines, providing adjustable font sizes, high contrast themes, screen readers, and voice-guided navigation.

3. Content Moderation and Management:

  • Automated Content Filters: Deploy AI-based content filters to automatically flag and moderate inappropriate content. Combine these with human moderators to ensure accuracy and sensitivity.
  • Privacy Policies: Clearly communicate the app’s privacy policies to users and enforce stringent guidelines on shared content within family circles.

4. Privacy Concerns:

  • Granular Privacy Controls: Design a straightforward but comprehensive privacy settings panel allowing users to manage content visibility and access permissions at a granular level.
  • Educational Material: Provide easily accessible educational material explaining the app’s privacy features and data security measures.

5. Security Vulnerabilities:

  • Security Protocols: Employ end-to-end encryption, SSL/TLS protocols, and regular security audits to identify and patch vulnerabilities promptly.
  • Cybersecurity Training: Train staff on best practices for data security and educate users about strong password practices and the importance of secure login credentials.

6. Data Storage and Scalability:

  • Cloud Infrastructure: Use scalable cloud storage solutions (like AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud) to manage growing data volumes. Employ efficient data indexing and caching mechanisms for quick retrieval.
  • Optimized Database Design: Utilize efficient database schemas and indexing strategies to ensure optimized data retrieval, minimizing latency.

7. User Engagement and Adoption:

  • User-Centric Updates: Regularly incorporate user feedback into updates, adding features that encourage family engagement, such as reminders for adding new milestones or family events.
  • Multigenerational Workshops: Conduct workshops or webinars catering to different age groups to showcase the app’s functionalities and benefits, easing adoption hurdles.

8. Regulatory Compliance:

  • Legal Consultation: Work closely with legal advisors specializing in data privacy laws to ensure compliance with regional regulations, updating policies as required.

9. Cost and Resource Allocation:

   – Resource Planning: Develop a comprehensive budget and resource allocation plan covering development, maintenance, marketing, and compliance costs.

10. Cultural Sensitivity:

    – Diverse Content Templates: Create customizable content templates that respect diverse cultural norms and traditions, allowing users to personalize their storytelling experience while honoring their heritage.

Addressing these challenges demands a multidisciplinary approach, integrating user experience, technological expertise, legal compliance, and cultural sensitivity throughout the development lifecycle. Regular testing, feedback loops, and continuous improvements based on user needs and technological advancements are crucial for sustained success.

Disclaimer: Many of these problems would be encountered by developers or other professionals that would be a part of the multidisciplinary team so some of the solutions may not be complete due to my lack of knowledge in those fields.

by lamija.kocan -

“Intergenerational Digital Storytelling” | 05

Let’s go deeper into the challenges I might encounter while implementing the genealogy app for intergenerational storytelling:

1. Technological Compatibility:

  • Diversity in Devices and Operating Systems: Ensuring the app functions flawlessly across various devices, from smartphones to tablets and PCs, and across multiple operating systems (iOS, Android, Windows) can be demanding due to differences in screen sizes, resolutions, and hardware capabilities.
  • Software Updates and Compatibility: Continuously adapting the app to new software updates and ensuring backward compatibility without sacrificing performance or features can be a challenge.

2. Usability for Diverse Age Groups:

  • User Experience Across Generations: Designing an interface that’s intuitive for tech-savvy younger users while remaining accessible and understandable for older generations with varying levels of digital literacy can be intricate.
  • Accessibility Features: Implementing accessibility features (such as adjustable text sizes, voice-guided navigation) to cater to users with visual impairments or other accessibility needs without compromising the app’s aesthetics or functionality.

3. Content Moderation and Management:

  • User-Generated Content Oversight: Establishing robust content moderation tools and teams to ensure user-generated content complies with community guidelines, avoiding offensive or inappropriate material within family stories.
  • User Data Privacy: Ensuring user data protection and privacy while still enabling effective content sharing and communication among family members.

4. Privacy Concerns:

  • Granular Privacy Controls: Balancing between offering comprehensive privacy controls for users while maintaining a user-friendly experience and not overwhelming users with too many settings or options.
  • Consent and Permission Mechanisms: Designing clear and simple consent mechanisms for sharing personal stories within the family circle and addressing concerns about data ownership and usage.

5. Security Vulnerabilities:

  • Data Encryption and Protection: Implementing robust encryption measures to safeguard sensitive user information from potential breaches or cyberattacks.
  • Continuous Security Updates: Ensuring the app undergoes regular security audits and updates to mitigate vulnerabilities and protect against emerging threats.

6. Data Storage and Scalability:

  • Scalable Infrastructure: Planning and implementing a scalable storage infrastructure to accommodate increasing volumes of multimedia content and user data while maintaining performance and accessibility.
  • Data Organization: Efficiently organizing and indexing multimedia content to ensure quick retrieval and a smooth user experience, especially as the database grows.

7. User Engagement and Adoption:

  • Cross-Generational Adoption: Encouraging consistent engagement and adoption of the app among diverse family members, necessitating strategies for making the app appealing and valuable to users of all ages.

8. Regulatory Compliance:

  • Legal and Compliance Hurdles: Ensuring compliance with diverse data protection and privacy regulations across different regions or countries, which might require legal expertise and ongoing adaptations to stay compliant.

9. Cost and Resource Allocation:

  • Resource Management: Allocating sufficient financial and human resources for development, maintenance, marketing, and operational costs throughout the app’s lifecycle.

10. Cultural Sensitivity:

  • Content and Design Considerations: Designing the app’s features and content in a culturally sensitive manner to respect diverse traditions, values, and familial customs.

Successfully navigating these complex challenges demands a holistic approach, involving thorough planning, continuous user feedback, interdisciplinary collaboration, and a proactive stance toward addressing technological, ethical, and user-centric concerns throughout the development and maintenance phases.

by lamija.kocan -

“Intergenerational Digital Storytelling” | 04

Here’s an elaboration on solutions to achieve the aspects outlined in the last blog post:

Key Features and Functionalities for User-Friendliness:

  • Intuitive Interface: Conduct extensive usability testing involving potential users from different age groups. Employ user-centered design methodologies, such as wireframing, prototyping, and iterative testing, to refine the interface’s intuitiveness.
  • Multimedia Integration: Optimize the app to handle various media formats and sizes. Implement intelligent compression algorithms to manage file sizes while maintaining quality. Utilize scalable cloud storage solutions to handle the influx of multimedia content.
  • Customization: Provide users with a variety of pre-designed templates and themes, enabling personalization while maintaining coherence in the overall design. Implement AI-driven recommendation systems that suggest layout options based on user preferences.
  • Collaborative Functionality: Introduce real-time collaboration features with version control to avoid conflicts in shared content. Incorporate instant notifications or updates to keep users informed about changes made by others in the family network.

Accommodating User Needs Across Generations:

  • Customizable Accessibility: Go beyond standard accessibility features by allowing users to customize not just text size and contrast but also interaction preferences like touch sensitivity and voice commands. Offer a „wizard“ feature that adapts to individual preferences.
  • Content Variety: Develop interactive tutorials or walkthroughs to guide users on effectively utilizing different media types. Offer templates and guidelines, enriched with examples or case studies, to inspire diverse storytelling methods.
  • Tutorial and Support: Implement an AI-driven chatbot or assistant that responds to user queries and provides step-by-step guidance. Ensure an easily accessible support channel, possibly integrating in-app feedback and live chat options.

Privacy in Sharing Family Stories:

  • Tiered Access Controls: Design a comprehensive yet simple-to-use permission management system, integrating options for read, write, and edit access with customizable privacy settings for individual pieces of content.
  • End-to-End Encryption: Partner with cybersecurity experts to implement advanced encryption algorithms. Continuously update encryption protocols to stay ahead of evolving security threats and maintain compliance with industry standards.
  • Consent Mechanisms: Develop user-friendly prompts and tutorials when users attempt to share content beyond the designated circle. Employ machine learning algorithms to predict and suggest privacy settings based on content type and context.

Technical Challenges in Creating a Robust Platform:

  • Data Storage and Management: Utilise a combination of server-side and client-side databases for efficient data retrieval. Implement algorithms for automatic content tagging and categorization to aid in quick and accurate search results.
  • Cross-Platform Compatibility: Employ a responsive design framework like Bootstrap or React Native to ensure seamless functionality across various devices and screen sizes. Conduct rigorous testing across different platforms using emulators and real devices.
  • Security Measures: Establish a dedicated cybersecurity team for continuous monitoring and threat assessment. Implement regular security audits, penetration testing, and timely patch updates to mitigate vulnerabilities and ensure data integrity.

Each solution demands meticulous attention to detail, extensive collaboration between design and technical teams, continuous user feedback, and adherence to best practices to create a genealogy app that is not only user-friendly and secure but also adaptable to the diverse needs and preferences of multi-generational users.