Women’s fury is a power—one that has been historically constructed as destabilizing and threatening. It is depicted as a menace to safe homes and peaceful communities, something to be controlled within its capacity to keep the social order. The stereotypes of women’s rage are everywhere: the shrieking wife, the crazy girlfriend, the feminazi, the angry black woman. These are hasty, derisive nicknames to reach for when a woman’s fury threatens the status quo.
But despite the conditioning and warnings, there have always been women who will have not been silenced and will not be silenced, who appropriate their anger as a revolutionary act of resistance to repression/oppression. For these women, rage is not something to be ashamed of and suppressed, but an act of defiance against injustice. There are i women throughout history who will not take the advice to „let it go.“
The Fear of the Angry Woman
„It is better to dwell in the wilderness, than with a contentious and ill-tempered woman,“ is a passage from the Old Testament book of Proverbs. It is an attitude which reflects an old and age-long conviction: a man would rather be alone than face a woman bold enough to express displeasure. What the implication definitely implies is—a woman who airs her anger and discomfort is to be avoided, not one who should to be listened to.
This is ironic because studies over and over again establish that women are signaling heightened anger, and that they feel it more deeply compared to men. Women’s anger grounds in condescension, neglect, and rejection, yet both current and historical reactions to these anger-producing situations overlook the validity of such feelings. Proverbs never instructs men to alter their behavior in response to avoiding the wrath of females; it simply advises them to run from it. This sentiment has endured through centuries and cultures, ensuring that women’s wrath is reviled, not respected.
One of the first women to fully embrace her rage was 16th-century writer Jane Anger. Her 1589 brochure „Protection for Women“ was an unapologetic, unrestrained conviction of male ignorance and misogyny. She wrote not to persuade men to change, but to speak the unspeakable: Express the righteous anger.
Jane herself acknowledged the revolutionary nature of her work by asserting, „It was ANGER that did write it.“ Her pamphlet wasn’t tempered, with the conciliatory tone one would have expected from a woman then. Instead, she publicly judged men for their hypocrisy, lust, and arrogance:
„Fie on the lie of men, whose heads run oft amad and whose lips cannot so quickly be loosened but forth they fall a-railing. Was there ever any so wronged, so slandered, so railed on, or so foully dealt with undeservedly, as are we women?„
Whether Jane Anger was her real name or a pseudonym is in question, but her impact is undeniable.
The Rise of the „Angry Feminist„
Flash-forward to the mid-20th century, and women’s outrage found new power in second-wave feminism. This was a time when outrage was not merely tolerated but cultivated as a method for deconstructing the patriarchy. „I have cherished and guarded my feminist rage like a beloved daughter“ feminist critic Jane Marcus once described. She summarized the manner in which rage was both weapon and armor for feminists of the time.
This anger was articulated in such pieces as Valerie Solanas‘ „SCUM Manifesto“ (1968) and Martha Rosler’s performance work „Semiotics of the Kitchen“ (1975). Rosler’s six-minute film was an explicit articulation of anger, with her wielding kitchen implements as weapons and rearranging a traditionally feminine space into one of open defiance. Solanas work, however, took anger to an extreme, not only in her manifesto (where she called for the murder of men) but in her very attempt to murder Andy Warhol.
Neither Solanas nor Rosler allowed for the patronizing reassurances that often neutralized female rage. No one could watch „Semiotics of the Kitchen“ or read „SCUM“ and say, “You’re beautiful when you’re angry.” Their anger was not meant to be aesthetically pleasing or softened for male consumption. It was meant to disrupt and shock.
The Limits of Feminist Anger
Second-wave feminism was not without its limits. As white women rejoiced in being able to speak loudly in anger, they consistently muted women of color. Black women had to suppress their outrage for the sake of solidarity, a contradiction to the patriarchal requirement that women should act compliant and respectful.
„White people have colonized Black Americans,“ Bell Hooks wrote. „Part of that process of colonization has been teaching us to contain our anger, never to make them the focus of any anger we may feel about racism.“ White feminists utilized their rage against patriarchy but were oblivious to the fact that they themselves were accomplices to silencing others.
Anger in the Digital Age
Women’s rage today keeps evolving, especially with the digital age. The internet has allowed collective rage to be voiced in the form of movements like #MeToo and SlutWalk, proving that rage can be a unifying force. Yet, modern feminism still deals with the issue of inclusion and whether all rage is created equally. The public perception of a young, white woman’s rage still varies from that of a Black woman’s or a trans woman’s.
But female anger is still something to be feared. In literature, cinema, and politics, enraged women haunt the cultural imagination. Writers like Elena Ferrante stage women bubbling with rage, artists like Pussy Riot and Guerrilla Girls make rage performative, and trending social movements exist on collective outrage.
History reminds us that women’s anger is respected and feared. It is a tool of rebellion, an emblem of resistance, and, above all, a refusal to be silenced. Women’s angry history is still being written—and it has a long, long way to go.
*This text was proofread for punctuation and spelling errors with the help of DeepL, ChatGPT 4o and Grammarly.
*This text is based on literature & topic recommendations from ChatGPT 4o and Gemini Pro 2.0. All content was verified by me for accuracy and relevance, and the text itself was created by me.
Literature:
Archer Magazine: Femme Rage, Hysteria, and Catharsis (https://archermagazine.com.au/2024/07/femme-rage-hysteria-catharsis-good-for-her/)
Frieze: Functions of Female Rage
(https://www.frieze.com/article/functions-female-rage)
Vice: The History of Female Anger
(https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-history-of-female-anger/)
